===affil2: Hong Kong Polytechnic University ===firstname: C. T. ===firstname4: ===firstname3: ===lastname2: Chen ===keyword1: OTHER ===lastname: Kelley ===firstname5: ===affil6: ===lastname3: ===email: tim\_kelley@ncsu.edu ===keyword2: Applications/Environmental ===keyword_other2: ===lastname6: ===affil5: ===otherauths: ===lastname4: ===affil4: ===lastname7: ===competition: no ===affil7: ===firstname7: ===postal: Department of Mathematics, Box 8205 North Carolina State University Raleigh, NC 2695-8205 ===firstname6: ===ABSTRACT: We discuss the design and implementation of derivative-free methods for optimization of functions with embedded Monte Carlo simulations. By this we mean that the computation of the function and/or the testing for feasibility depends on a Monte Carlo simulation. Under the assumption that the optimization can control the number of Monte Carlo trials, we prove a probability-one asymptotic convergence result, which provides guidance to a practical implementation. We illustrate the ideas with an application to water resources policy. ===affil3: ===keyword_other1: Optimization ===lastname5: ===affilother: ===title: Derivative-Free Optimization of Functions with Embedded Monte Carlo Simulations ===firstname2: X.